Pi Node – one step closer to user-centric decentralization

Introduction

Pi Nodes are integral to the Pi Network ecosystem, running on laptops and desktops instead of mobile devices. Like other blockchains, Pi Nodes validate transactions on a distributed ledger, ensuring the network’s security and integrity by establishing consensus on transaction order.

Unlike traditional nodes in Bitcoin or Ethereum, which use Proof of Work, Pi Nodes employ the Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP). In SCP, nodes form “quorum slices” — trusted groups that only validate transactions agreed upon by all members of these groups. Security circles formed by mobile Pi miners aggregate into a global trust graph, enabling nodes to establish quorum slices that determine who can validate transactions on the shared ledger.

A key feature of Pi Node design is its accessibility for non-technical users, who can set up a node by installing a desktop application. Through this application, users, or “Pioneers,” can activate or deactivate the node software, managing their computer’s availability to the network.

In developing its Testnet, Pi Network embraces progressive decentralization. During the initial Testnet phase, a centralized layer will facilitate stress testing and adjustments to the consensus algorithm to meet Pi Network’s requirements. This centralized version of the node marks the first step toward the fully decentralized mainnet.

This version of the node includes two interfaces: a node interface and a desktop Pi App interface. Users can switch between these interfaces depending on their level of participation. Every mobile user can download the Pi Node software, enabling them to view their Pi balance, engage with media content, and use Pi chats on their computer. Those interested in becoming a node can apply through the node interface and install the blockchain component. Initial node selection will be calibrated by the Core Team based on device reliability and connectivity, with selected applicants completing KYC before serving as Testnet nodes.

Levels of Node Participation

Pi Node software supports three participation levels:

1. Computer App: This level enables Pioneers to access Pi’s desktop app interface, which mirrors the mobile app’s functionality. Users can check their Pi balance, chat, and view media content. In the future, additional features, such as the Apps Platform, may be easier to access through the desktop interface.

2. Node: At this level, Pioneers access the node interface, complete technical setup, and toggle the node interface on or off to allow their computer to contribute to the blockchain’s validation process after being selected. While nodes do not participate in consensus, they verify blockchain integrity and submit transactions. As the network evolves, nodes will extend their role to include resources like computation, storage, and bandwidth.

3. SuperNode: SuperNodes are the backbone of Pi’s blockchain, responsible for reaching consensus and ensuring the latest blockchain state is shared across all nodes. SuperNodes use the node interface, are selected by the Core Team, and must be connected to the network with reliable internet around the clock.

Selection Process for Nodes and SuperNodes

To apply as a Node or SuperNode on Pi’s Testnet:

1. Download and install the Pi Node software on your computer.

2. Complete the Pi Node application within the software.

3. Install the required technical packages and keep the software running in the background as desired.

4. The Core Team will select Nodes and SuperNodes based on specific criteria, and selected applicants will receive notifications in the node interface.

Selected applicants will need to complete KYC, and the Core Team will make selection announcements over the next few months. The selection process considers device reliability, uptime, internet stability, and processor capability, among other factors. SuperNodes have higher thresholds for these requirements than Nodes.

Testnet Roadmap

The Testnet roadmap comprises three stages:

1. Selection Stage: During this stage, the Core Team will evaluate node applicants by running the consensus algorithm and analyzing network requirements, such as hardware, uptime, and connectivity. This testing phase will help refine selection thresholds for Nodes and SuperNodes to balance network security and efficiency.

2. Revision Stage: This stage involves iterative testing, data analysis, and algorithm revision to ensure scalability and performance. By simulating various network conditions and testing consensus algorithm responses, the team can identify improvements for safety, liveness, and scalability. This stage uses a centralized layer to expedite testing across numerous scenarios, a feature that will be removed in the mainnet.

3. Live Testnet: In this final stage, different nodes will perform their designated responsibilities, contributing real data from security circles and user activities. The iterative testing and revision process will continue to address scalability and network stability.

Node FAQ

- Relationship Between Pi Node Software and Pi Network Mobile App: The Node software complements the mobile app. Users log into the Node software using their mobile app accounts, which link both platforms. Each Pi account is limited to one node. While mining starts only through the mobile app, the desktop Pi App interface lets users check balances, chat, and view media without affecting mobile functionality.

- Impact on Device Performance: Running only the Pi App interface has minimal impact on CPU, memory, and network usage. Enabling Node or SuperNode functions, however, does increase resource consumption, and the network will monitor device impact during the Testnet phase.

- Node Rewards: No mining rewards will be offered for Testnet Nodes initially. Pi Network will assess resource data during the Testnet to develop a suitable incentive mechanism for Nodes.

- Open Source Software: The blockchain component of the Node software will be open-sourced. The Core Team plans to share a list of open issues on GitHub, encouraging community contributions.

Pi’s commitment to progressive decentralization aims to provide greater access to the network while ensuring security and efficiency. Although some users may be unable to participate in the initial Testnet due to hardware and connectivity constraints, Pi Network will continue to engage all Pioneers through the mobile app and expand participation methods over time.

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